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zorroloco
24-Oct-21, 05:27

Evolution theory cont.
Stal

I believe science CAN prove most parts of religion incorrect as literally true. Science does not allow resurrection from death. Science doesn’t allow for alchemy. Nor flying horses.

Not being able to disprove god is different
stalhandske
24-Oct-21, 05:43

Zorro
Unwillingly, but I still have to disagree with you on this. For example, the fact that science 'does not allow' resurrection from death is certainly true. But here, the point is 'allow'. That just means that science doesn't have a 'mechanism', or an explanation, of how that could possibly occur. The trouble (for science!) is that it has no means of definitely debunking the possibility either!
So it is really exactly the same as being unable to disprove the presence of a God.
stalhandske
24-Oct-21, 05:44

Zorro
...and thank you for the continuation of this thread!
zorroloco
24-Oct-21, 05:47

Stal
I get your point, and don’t disagree. But there are different levels of proof. We can say that science doesn’t allow resurrection. We can’t ptove it absolutely, but with near certainty.

Science has ‘no comment’ about god.
stalhandske
24-Oct-21, 05:54

Zorro
<We can say that science doesn’t allow resurrection. We can’t prove it absolutely, but with near certainty.>

That's it! 'Unfortunately' this is what science is basically about anyway: proofs that aren't absolute but 'near certainty'!  

<Science has ‘no comment’ about god. >

How could she? As God cannot be thoroughly defined in a way that can be tested.
zorroloco
24-Oct-21, 06:02

Stal
That’s it! When people want certainty, they look to religion. And especially Coram style literalist fundamentalist interpretations. When people want to understand the world the way it is, they look to science.
stalhandske
24-Oct-21, 07:47

to Coram
Perhaps I need to repeat this as we had to change threads...

<<<Modern science does not exclude that what was initiating creation was living itself.>>

<Are you suggesting that modern science does not rule out God?<

I am indeed, and I have been saying this for years - also in the various GK fora!
zorroloco
24-Oct-21, 07:53

Stal
Not to digress, but re ‘fora’ vs ‘forums.’

www.mediacollege.com
hogfysshe
24-Oct-21, 08:21

"disproved" versus "not proved."

I saw a person having a very difficult time understanding that "not proved" did not mean "disproved."

she had just never thought about these two concepts such that she could understand what a former co-worker of mine was saying. he explained that a certain genealogical connection had never been proved. she REALLY wanted to "HEAR" this as meaning the connection had been "DISPROVED."

Took my coworker several attempts to get her to understand that there was no disproof, but also that there was no proof. Research to find out the truth was ongoing.

she'd say "why are you saying this line is disproved?" my coworker, who was not known for mincing words, had smoke coming out of his ears, as he regrouped and tried again. "STOP SAYING IT'S DISPROVED! I didn't say that. What I said was it has never been proved. It MAY be correct. But no proof that it IS correct has been found."
zorroloco
24-Oct-21, 08:22

Yes
Your creation myth is incompatible with science. It is fine as symbolic representation. Analogy. Metaphor.

What it isn’t is a description of anything other than a primitive attempt at understanding and explaining what they didn’t understand.

Use it to determine right from wrong if you must use that crutch. But don’t try to pretend it’s real, cause it’s no more real than Athena leaping fully grown from Zeus’s cleft head.
zorroloco
24-Oct-21, 10:52

Deleted by zorroloco on 24-Oct-21, 10:52.
zorroloco
24-Oct-21, 10:53

Deleted by zorroloco on 24-Oct-21, 10:54.
zorroloco
24-Oct-21, 10:57

Stupid typos
Science doesn’t disprove so much as make educated guesses.
Science is better at proving than disproving for obvious reasons. Prove an intelligent space slug with 12 heads who lives at the center of the sun isn’t controlling us all. See. Impossible.


Science can’t disprove that god made everything look exactly like the big bang and evolution. Science can’t disprove god created anything in anyway. Science simply looks at the evidence and attempts to find theories that best describe what they see.

The entire problem is there’s a mismatch of expectations. Coram wants a TRUTH to explain everything. His blithe talk of ‘proof’ and what he believes constitutes ‘proof’ is all the evidence we need. The rest of us look for rational explanations, knowing that many will need revision, and some are likely wrong. We are ok with that, constantly looking to punch holes in our theories to find the flaws and improve. Coram’s beliefs allow no flaws and no room for improvement.

For this reason, argument is futile. We’re looking for different things. One looks for truth knowing they’ll probably never find it. One thinks he’s found Truth and just wants to shout it from his
hogfysshe
24-Oct-21, 13:20

z, if that comment is connected with my post, I was only offering an example of how people can sometimes misunderstand each other. the speaker may assume they are being understood. and the listener may think they understand what was said. but in some cases neither of those things is true. I was also saying it can be an innocent misunderstanding, because unfamiliar concepts may be involved, ...and it can be easy to think a concept is understood when it actually isn't.

just suggesting that the folks having the discussion watch out for this sort of easily unrecognized misunderstanding.
bobspringett
24-Oct-21, 15:31

Differing expectations
Are part of it.

Science deals in 'causes' as mechanisms in a physical cause-effect chain. For example,

Child "Daddy, why are we here?"
Father "Because we got on that train and the train carried us here to this station."

Religion deals with 'causes' more in the sense of ultimate purpose, i.e., teleology, which Science strictly forbids. For example,

Child "Daddy, why are we here?"
Father "It's Grandma's birthday. She said she would meet us here."

It is a sad situation when mature adults can't tell the difference. Or refuse to recognise the difference because they have an agenda.
bobspringett
24-Oct-21, 15:57

Zorro 8:22
I think you enthusiasm is racing ahead of you!

<What it isn’t is a description of anything other than a primitive attempt at understanding and explaining what they didn’t understand.>

I refer you to my response to Coram in Fiat Lux
Evolution Theory
23 October
23:11

(Sorry, I'm not sure how to provide a direct link)

This is only the briefest analysis of what is really a very sophisticated piece of literature. I could go into it in greater depth in several places to show how it holds Babylonian religious concepts up to derision, how it has layers of implications when read in the context of other scriptures, etc. It only appears 'primitive' if it is read without context and as a literalist narrative.

And it ISN'T 'explaining what they didn't understand'. It is explaining the purpose of Creation in terms that they DID understand, if you read it as an educated sixth-century-B.C. Babylonian Jew rather than a twentieth-century American tradesman.

This is what the historical-critical method can do if used in proper exegesis, instead of relying on fundamentalist credulity.

I can understand why you might think that Christianity is a pile of infantile children's stories, because that is too often the face that is presented; just as too many fundamentalists think that Science is a Godless conspiracy aimed at perverting their children. But if you want to know what Christianity, or Islam, or anything else REALLY is, then don't rely on descriptions by their enemies or the propaganda of their extremists. Go to their mainstream advocates.
zorroloco
24-Oct-21, 16:02

Bob
I have. Ive read most if the Bible and lots of the Quran. Slso parts of the Gitas snd Book of Mormon. I’ve had in depth discussions with people of many and no religious faith. All of the ‘sacred texts’ are primitive explanations of the world. And they all offer a huge amount of grist for the milling of profound thoughts and feelings.

Nonetheless, they are primitive in that the authors lacked our science based understanding of the world.
bobspringett
24-Oct-21, 17:48

Zorro
<I have. Ive read most if the Bible and lots of the Quran. Slso parts of the Gitas snd Book of Mormon. I’ve had in depth discussions with people of many and no religious faith. All of the ‘sacred texts’ are primitive explanations of the world. >

Coram and fundamentalists are proof enough that reading a sacred text does not mean that the reader will understand those texts. Every reader will bring his own assumptions, including expectations that often subconsciously filter what the reader sees. Often a modern reader will completely miss the point because he is looking for something the original writer wouldn't have been able to imagine, while having no inkling of what an ancient reader would have seen instantly. Of course those texts use concepts and imagery taken from 'primitive' societies! They were written so they could be understood by readers in those societies!

That's why I said "Go to their mainstream advocates" rather than "read the texts yourself". That way an educated advocate will be able to unwrap the modern relevance and application of an ancient text. As I have told many naïve students, don't confuse the meaning of the text with the illustration or example used to convey that meaning.

Did you check out my short exposition of Genesis 1 I referred to as an example?
stalhandske
24-Oct-21, 20:18

Zorro
<Not to digress, but re ‘fora’ vs ‘forums.’ >

Great that you noticed!!  

We can dispute this for a long time, but I think it should then be done with personal contact over good food and a lot of beer (or Margaritas!).

Of course this is the difference between being a purist and a 'practicalist'. The purist says that if you lend a word from 'my language' (Latin), then you should use that word according to the rules of that language. The 'practicalist' doesn't care. We take your word and we use it in the way we find best to suit our purposes. (Zorro: did I overdo the drama here?  ).

Forum is a relatively rarely used word here compared to 'phenomenon', for example. May I just refer to the almost consistent failure of using the proper plural - 'phenomena' - in these threads?  
stalhandske
24-Oct-21, 20:42

discussion with Coram continues....
Coram: <<<Are you suggesting that modern science does not rule out God?>>>

Stal <<I am indeed, and I have been saying this for years - also in the various GK fora!><

Coram <I think we’re talking at cross purposes here.

My understanding (correct me if I’m wrong) is that modern science did not rule God as being the source or catalyst of the Big Bang, but did rule out God being the source of life. Unless one wants to take the kind of absurd position that God created life, but only the first single-celled organism. Then after creating the first single-celled organism, God kicked back and let the theory of evolution take over.>

It is not easy to understand this passage. All I can say for sure is that modern science has no tools to rule out God in any part of creation of this world or evolution on this planet.

Coram: <But that runs into the problem of God saying in the creation account in Genesis:

“And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.

So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them.”

(Genesis 1:26-27)>

OK, right. In my understanding that is qute consistent with what I have said before.


Coram: <So we should clarify.>

Stal: <I’m aware (and have been for quite some time) that modern science does not rule out God as being responsible for the Big Bang.>

Coram: <But are you saying that modern science does not rule out the source of God being the source of life? It appears you are since I believe, in an earlier post, you stated (paraphrasing) that modern science did not rule out life coming from life. So that leaves modern science’s position (again, correct me if I’m wrong) that God may be responsible for the Big Bang and may be responsible for life, but if He’s responsible for life, it’s only the first single-celled organism.>

Yes, I AM saying that modern science has no way or method to rule out 'the source of God being the source of life'.
<if He’s responsible for life, it’s only the first single-celled organism.>
I am afraid I need to make a hypothesis here (since I don't KNOW). If God exists and He made the first unicellular organisms, then it is no big problem to hypothesise that he also predicted their evolution forward...>


<Which runs into the problem of how to reconcile that view with Genesis 1:26-27 (quoted above.) So I still think the creation account in Genesis is incompatible with the theory of evolution, no matter how much symbolism is read into the former.>

I see no problem.

If you see problems, please let us know specifically.
bobspringett
24-Oct-21, 21:19

Plurals
English-speakers have truly mangled this question!

Important words (i.e., those used in religious settings) are reasonably stable. 'Stigma' is still pluralised to 'stigmata', etc. But I often see 'phenomena' and 'criteria' used as if singular, even though they are both plurals in Greek (phenomenon and criterion).

I have seen 'octopi' as a plural for 'octopus', as though it is Latin; but the real plural is Greek 'octopodes'. Thankfully an English plural 'octopuses' is becoming more common.

We still have 'cherub' being pluralised to 'cherubim' (Hebrew) in some circumstances, but Anglicised as 'cherubs' in others.

The terminal 'f' is also becoming more recalcitrant, refusing to become a 'v' unless beaten into submission first. Sadly, what should be 'rooves' are now 'roofs', 'hooves' are now 'hoofs', and 'wolves' are in the process of becoming 'wolfs'; but we still have 'ourselves' rather than ourselfs', and 'leaves' rather than 'leafs'. Our Germanic roots are becoming Francomorphed, but reluctantly.
stalhandske
24-Oct-21, 21:24

This is part of the beauty of the English language! It is completely unpredictable and withut logical rules!  
hogfysshe
25-Oct-21, 05:36

archduke tried to bring up this evolutionary process, here, concerning the use of "begs the question." years ago, I read on a page called "Brian's Fallacies" that this is misused in the way archduke explained. according to both Brian and archduke, the phrase that should correctly be used is "raises the question." I've never looked into the correctness of any of this, but have accepted that those two are probably right. So, I use "raises the question." But "begs" is popular. So, maybe the two will evolve to be synonymous, ...if they aren't already.

----------------------
"Like most people, I often find myself tempted to use “begs the question” in this sense, probably because it sounds much more academic than “raises the question”. But it’s wrong—at least according to the original meaning of the phrase. “Begging the question” is actually a logical fallacy, a loose translation of the Latin term petitio principii. A person begs the question when he assumes what’s supposed to be his conclusion in his premise. It’s also commonly known as “circular reasoning”.

Now, there are some who will argue that language is constantly evolving, and that the changed meaning of “begs the question” is an example of a harmless evolution.

But I’m not so sure how harmless it has been. I worry that widespread ignorance of the original meaning is but another symptom of the decline of logic education in schools. I also worry that it reduces people’s awareness of the real examples of question-begging that we see every day in the news and politics.
---------------------- www.intellectualtakeout.org

"Begging the Question: Any form of argument where the conclusion is assumed in one of the premises. Many people use the phrase “begging the question” incorrectly when they use it to mean, “prompts one to ask the question”. That is NOT the correct usage. Begging the question is a form of circular reasoning."
www.logicallyfallacious.com
zorroloco
25-Oct-21, 06:30

Fish
I hear that ALL the time, from announcers snd educated people who should know better. It does ‘raise the question’ of what kind of logic education they’re getting.
hogfysshe
25-Oct-21, 07:00

logic education? that's like snipe hunting, isn't it?
well, less rare than a snipe. I took a logic class.
but I do think it was viewed as an obscure course.
zorroloco
25-Oct-21, 07:23

I took three
Logic of Argumentation in the Speech Department
Intro to Formal Logic in the Philosophy Dept
Mathematical Logic in the Math Dept

All very interesting and different.
hogfysshe
25-Oct-21, 07:30

sounds interesting. I had a philosophy class and an eastern religions class with the guy who gave the logic class. I did well. but I remember thinking the philosophy class was not what I expected and a little strange.
bobspringett
25-Oct-21, 13:47

I BEG to differ...
Perhaps I'm coming at this from a different direction. I have no formal training in logic so I might be totally out of court here.

When I use the phrase 'begs the question', I mean that the given answer assumes a favourable answer to a prior question. In other words, the prior question needs to be resolved first. Example:-

"I don't need bread in the morning, because I eat toast." That statement 'begs the question' of "Where does your toast come from?"

Not quite the same as a circular argument, but rather pushing it back one step.
zorroloco
25-Oct-21, 14:45

Bob
The way you are using it is the common usage, technically incorrect, but so commonplace as to be accepted. Here's an example of begging the question. "I know your definition of B the Q is wrong because it's not the correct one."  

Here's a good explanation:

Begging the Question Fallacy Examples in Real Life, in Commercials & in Politics

Begging the Question is a logical fallacy that occurs when…

(1) You assume the truth of a claim that is yet to be proven and (2) instead of providing evidence for that claim, you merely rephrase it.

EXAMPLE: “UFOs exist because I’ve had experiences with what can only be described as Unidentified Flying Objects.”

Explanation: This argument commits the fallacy of begging the question because (1) it begins with the assumption that UFOs exist and (2) instead of providing evidence, the arguer merely rephrases that assumption. In other words, saying ‘UFO’s exist’ has the same meaning as saying ‘I’ve had experiences with them.’

That is not evidence.

In this instance, the main topic remains unanswered, which begs the question: do UFOs exist?

The logical structure of arguments which beg the question is as follows:

X,
Therefore, X.

Another name for this fallacy is ‘Petitio Principii,’ which in Latin means ‘to assume the initial point.’

An argument which begs the question isn’t an argument at all, but rather – it is an assertion that is disguised to look like an argument that uses circular logic.

It is a type of circular reasoning.

Begging the Question Fallacy Examples in Real Life
“Parkour is dangerous because it is unsafe.”
Explanation: Something being dangerous is by definition it being unsafe. This begs the question, is Parkour dangerous?

“The earth is round because it’s spherical in shape.”
“The attainment of happiness should be an individual’s highest priority because all other values are inferior to it.”
"The Bible is the word of God because God inspired men to write it."
“The article was not published in the journal because it was deemed not worthy of publication.”

The following is a commercial for the cigarette brand ‘Lucky Strike’ which aired on TV during the 1950s. The woman in the advertisement says:

“Lucky tastes better. They’re cleaner, fresher smoother and it’s because they’re made better to taste better.”

Explanation: Something which is ‘made better to taste better’ has the same meaning as saying it ‘tastes better.’ This begs the question: Do Lucky Cigarettes taste better?

Begging the Question Fallacy Examples in Politics
“Capital punishment is justified for cases which involve murder; because it is only appropriate that an individual is sentenced to death for committing such a heinous act.”

hogfysshe
25-Oct-21, 14:52

I never used it prior to learning that it had a specialized meaning. but once I HAD learned it had a specialized meaning (and that it may not have a second valid meaning equivalent to "raises the question"), I left it to be used in that specialized situation.

when I googled it earlier, to provide those passages and links, I saw that there are a lot of pages on the subject. It appeared that most or all take this same position, that it's a frequently misused phrase (though I didn't look super closely). Even if some of them say "eh, no big deal" and that it can be used in other ways, "raises the question" works well enough that I have no need or desire to use a phrase that some group will believe is used incorrectly.

the wikipedia page on the subject accepts that "Some contemporary English speakers" do use it to mean "raises the question," etc. It then points out that "Prescriptivist grammarians and people versed in philosophy, logic, and law object to such usage as incorrect or, at best, unclear. This is because the classical sense of Aristotelian logic is the original and, they hold, the correct one."

Still fairly unsatisfying. I'd be interested in what a range of language experts have to say. Or maybe we are to assume that they'd have been mentioned if they had strong objections.

ah. footnote #28 points to a usage and style guide. the link takes you right to the applicable pages. the phrase has been problematic, with disagreement among members of the usage panel being standard. the guide concludes by saying "no matter how you use this expression, its ambiguity will likely turn off a sizeable percentage of your audience. It is probably better to avoid the phrase entirely."  

en.wikipedia.org
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